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Ɉʌɳʋɸɺɲ Ⱥɸʅɳʏʘʆ ȳɸʘʅɸʏʌʀɲʎ
B
͛ ȳɸʆɿʃʉʑ ȿʐʃɸʀʉʐ
–
ȵʃɷʊʍɸɿʎ ɀɅȰɍȰɆȰȾȸ
ɴͿ Ʌɲʌɲʏɻʌʉʑʅɸ ʊʏɿ
Ȱȴ ϭ
Ȱȴ ϭ Ȱȴ ϭ
ȰȲ ϯ ȰȲ Ȱȴ ϯ ϭ ȴȲ Ϯ
;ϭͿ͘
ȵʋɸɿɷɼ ʍʏʉ ʏʌʀɶʘʆʉ ȰȲȷ ɸʀʆɲɿ ȴȵͬͬȰȷ ɹʖʉʐʅɸ
;ϭͿ
Ȱȴ ȴȲ Ȱȴ ȷȵ ȷȵ ϭ
ϭ ȷȵ ȵȲ
ȷȵ ȵȲ ȴȲ ȵȲ ȵȲ Ϯ
Ϯ
͘
ɶͿ Ɉɲ ʏʌʀɶʘʆɲ Ȱȴȵ ʃɲɿ ȰȲȳ ɸʀʆɲɿ ʊʅʉɿɲ ɶɿɲʏʀ
x
n n
ȴȰȵ ȲȰȳ
ʃʉɿʆɼ
x
n n
Ȱȴȵ ȰȲȳ
ʘɸ ɸʆʏʊʎ ɸʃʏʊʎ ʃɲɿ ɸʋʀ ʏɲ ɲʐʏɳ͘
ȱʌɲ͕
Ȱȴ ȴȵ ȴȵ ϭ
ϭ ȴȵ Ȳȳ
ȰȲ Ȳȳ Ȳȳ ϯ
ϯ
(2
Ϳ͘
ȵʋɿʋʄɹʉʆ͕ ɹʖʉʐʅɸ ʊʏɿ
Ȱȴ ϭ
ϭ Ȱȴ ȰȲ
ȰȲ ϯ
ϯ
ɳʌɲ͕
2
ȰȲ ϯ
ȴȲ ȰȲ
3
ȴȲ Ϯ
;ϯͿ͘
ȵʋʀʍɻʎ͕ ʏɲ
ʏʌʀɶʘʆɲ ȰȲȷ ʃɲɿ Ȳȴȵ ɸʀʆɲɿ ʊʅʉɿɲ ɶɿɲʏʀ
x
n n
ȰȲȷ ȴȲȵ
ʃʉɿʆɼ
x
n n
ȲȰȷ Ȳȴȵ
ʘɸ ɸʆʏʊʎ ɸʃʏʊʎ ʃɲɿ ɸʋʀ ʏɲ ɲʐʏɳ͘
ȱʌɲ͕
;ϯͿ
ȲȰ Ȱȷ Ȱȷ ϯ
Ϯ ȴȵ Ȱȷ
Ȳȴ ȴȵ ȴȵ Ϯ
ϯ
(4
Ϳ͘
Ȱʋʊ ʏɿʎ ʍʖɹʍɸɿʎ ;ϮͿ ʃɲɿ ;ϰͿ ʍʐʅʋɸʌɲʀʆʉʐʅɸ ʊʏɿ
2 1
1
Ȱȷ Ȳȳ ϮȰȷ Ȳȳ Ȱȷ Ȳȳ
3 3
2
͘
ϵϳ